Wire Mesh and Cloth Specifications

Wire Cloth Products


	Materials
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	Steel		Steel is a commercial iron that contains carbon in any amount up to about 1.7 percent as an essential alloying constituent. It is malleable when under suitable conditions, and is distinguished from cast iron by its malleability and lower carbon content. Wire cloth is often woven from steel due to its relatively low cost, high tensile strength, and ductility. Low carbon steel is often the choice when the cloth will not be in contact with corrosive or abrasive fluids. Steel may be galvanized, tinned, plated, painted, or coated.
	Stainless Steel		Stainless steel is chemical and corrosion resistant and can have relatively high-pressure ratings. Many different grades of stainless steel are used in wire cloth.
	Nickel Based Alloy		Nickel is used in wire cloth because of its corrosion resistant properties. A passive oxide film forms over the nickel for protection in oxidizing environments. Nickel may be replaced with stainless steel for cost savings.
	Aluminum		Aluminum is a bluish, silver-white, malleable, ductile, light trivalent metallic element that has good electrical and thermal conductivity, high reflectivity, and resistance to oxidation.
	Brass		Brass comes with good strength, excellent high temperature ductility, reasonable cold ductility, good conductivity, excellent corrosion resistance, good bearing properties, and low magnetic permeability.
	Copper		Copper is a common reddish, metallic element that is ductile, malleable, and is one of the best conductors of heat and electricity.
	Bronze		Sintered bronze is a porous material, which can be impregnated with oil, graphite, or PTFE. Bronze is not suitable for heavily loaded applications but useful where lubrication is inconvenient.
	Titanium		Titanium and its alloys are extremely lightweight and are widely used in the aircraft and aerospace industry. It has an excellent high strength-to-weight ratio especially in moderate temperature ranges (300°F to 700°F). In natural environments, a protective oxide film forms which enhances its corrosion resistance. Titanium wire cloth is also used in medical applications for implants in artificial joints.
	Molybdenum		Molybdenum offers excellent corrosion resistance properties, and, it exhibits useful properties at temperatures up to 3200°F in a protected environment. It has a low coefficient of expansion and excellent high temperature strength.
	Tantalum		Of all the refractory metals, Tantalum behaves much like glass in that it has almost complete immunity to corrosion or chemical attack. Unlike glass it is strong, ductile, and malleable. Tantalum is compatible with body tissue, making it ideal for surgical implants. It is easily spot-welded but cannot be soldered successfully.
	Tungsten		Tungsten has good strength in a protective atmosphere up to 5000°F. As is true with other refractory metals, Tungsten exhibits good corrosion resistance qualities.
	Specialty / Other		Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary material.
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Weave / Knit Construction


			Specifications of 10 mesh or finer are typically woven of smooth drawn wires which are "force crimped" into place during the weaving operation.
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	Dutch Twill		Dutch twill construction technically combines the twill weave and Dutch weave. The larger diameter warp wires successively pass over and under the lighter diameter shute wires. Each pass of the shute wires shifts the over and under movement. The shute wires are driven up close, resulting in a tightly woven filter cloth with tapered or wedge shaped openings.
	Knitted		The wire mesh or cloth is manufacturing formed using a knitting process where the mesh is formed from a series of interlocking loops. The loop structure gives knitted cloth greater in plane springiness or two dimensional flexibility compared to woven mesh or fabric. Knitted mesh can be crimped or compressed to alter characteristics for specific applications.
	Plain Dutch		Plain Dutch construction has similar interlacing as in plain weave, except the warp wires are larger in diameter than the shute wires. The lighter shute wires are driven up close thus forming a dense filtering medium. This weave displays a tapered or wedge-shaped opening. While the warp wires remain straight, the weft wires are plain woven to lie as close as possible against each other in a linen weave forming a dense, strong material with small, irregular and twisting passageways that appear triangular when diagonally viewing the weave.
	Plain Woven		Plain woven construction is the most popular wire cloth weave. Each weft wire passes alternately over and under each warp wire and each warp wire passes alternately over and under each weft wire. Warp and weft wire diameters are generally the same.
	Pre-crimped Weave		Pre-crimped weaves are found in coarser wire cloth or space cloth specifications. Here, the wires are crimped prior to weaving. The pre-crimp action enables both the warp and shute wires to nest securely with each other restricting their random movement and ensuring an accurate and consistent opening size. This weaving technique adds strength and rigidity to the wire cloth.
	Reverse Dutch		Reverse Dutch is the reverse of the plain Hollander (Dutch) weave, in that the weft wires are heavier than the warp wires.
	Stranded		In this type of weave, both the warp and shute wires are made up of separate wires, rather than a single wire. This weave is woven in the twill pattern, producing an exceptionally strong and tight mesh.
	Twill		In twill wire cloth, each warp wire and each shute wire passes successively over and under the two adjacent wires -- in both the warp and shute directions. This over and under movement is shifted one wire with each pass of the shuttle. This pattern permits the weaving of heavier wires in varying meshes. Each weft wire alternately passes over two, then under two successive warp wires and each warp wire passes alternately over two and under two successive weft wires, in a staggered arrangement. Twill weave is normally used to allow a heavier than standard wire diameter in association with a given mesh.
	Specialty / Other		Other unlisted, specialized, or proprietary common weave.
	Twill Dutch Double		Twill Dutch double is very similar to twill Dutch weave, but by proper selection of the wire sizes, the shute wires actually overlap each other when driven up tight into position. This permits double the wires per inch in the shute direction. This type of wire cloth is usually considered a micronic grade filter cloth.
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Grade / Application


	Industrial Grade / Product Application
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	Architectural / Decorative		The mesh or cloth is designed or suitable for use a decorative element or covering in architectural or furniture applications.
	Bolting Cloth		Stainless steel bolting cloth is a light, wire cloth woven of highly durable wire. The wire is drawn with a very smooth surface to speed up the bolting action which increases screening machine capacity. "Tensile Bolt" is a lightweight grade of wire cloth produced in mesh counts ranging from 16 x 16 mesh through 230 x 230 mesh. This specification uses smaller wire diameters than the Market Grade designation, which results in a greater open area for a given mesh.
	Catalyst Support		The wire mesh or cloth is suitable for supporting nickel, platinum, precious metal, or other catalyst materials in catalytic converters or chemical processing systems.
	Classification / Sieving		Mesh or wire cloth can be used in classification, screening, or sieving applications.
	EMI / RFI Shielding		The mesh or cloth material can be used as an EMI or RFI shielding. EMI or RFI shielding surrounds an electronic product and blocks electromagnetic waves from interfering or causing noise within the electronic product.
	Filtration Grade (Micronic Particle Retention)		Woven wire cloth has been used for filtration for over 100 years and is the material of choice for problem-free processing, excellent durability, and is easily cleanable. Woven wire is used in pressure, centrifugal and vacuum filter applications. The filter medium is uniform and consistent; it lies flat and is free from waviness. The weave required will vary with filter operation and aid.
	Gasketing / Seals		The mesh or wire cloth material is suitable for die cutting or conversion into gaskets or seals.
	Market Grade		This group of wire mesh specifications is woven utilizing moderate wire diameters resulting in a high strength square mesh cloth, suitable for general purpose screening. "Market Grade" wire cloth is the generally accepted industry standard for wire cloth. Simply stated, this designation standardizes certain mesh counts and the corresponding wire diameters for a range of specifications from 2 mesh through 635 mesh. The market grade specification covers everything from a 1/2" opening down to 20 microns.
	Remesh / Reinforcement		Remesh or reinforcing screen is laid in concrete forms and becomes imbedded in the completed concrete structure. The mesh reinforcement prevents cracks from propagating and can improve structural characteristics by placing the concrete in compression.
	Screens / Screening		The mesh or cloth can be used as a screen. Screens block coarser particles, animals, or insects while allowing air and smaller particles to pass through. Window and door screens are the most popular application for woven wire cloth. The product designation is commonly referred to as "insect screens" or "fly screens."
	Shock / Vibration Control		The mesh or cloth has sufficient loft, springiness, and dampening characteristics for shock and vibration control applications.
	Soil / Earth Stabilization		The wire screen, netting, mesh, or cloth is designed or suitable for retaining or stabilizing soil or earth in building and construction applications.
	Sound Absorption		The mesh or cloth has sufficient loft and sound attenuation characteristics for sound absorption and acoustic insulation applications.
	Space Cloth		Space cloth is wire cloth designated by the aperture (open space) width, expressed in inches or fractions thereof. Wire cloth, which is designated by the width, in inches or fractions thereof, of the open space between the inside, faces of parallel wires in both the warp and shute.
	Thermal Insulation		The mesh or cloth has sufficient loft, heat resistance, and thermal barrier characteristics for thermal insulation applications.
	Specialty / Other		Other unlisted, proprietary or specialized industrial applications.
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Features



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	Rectangular Openings		Rectangular openings are often referred to as slotted openings. When specifying rectangular openings, you must specify the opening length, width, and the direction of the long way of the opening.
	Calendered / Compressed		Wire cloth that is calendared or compressed has passed through a pair of heavy rollers to reduce the thickness of the fabric, compress the product, or to flatten the intersection to provide a smooth surface.
	Crimped		Mesh or cloth product is crimped after knitting or weaving.
	Selvaged		The edge or border of wire cloth is finished to prevent unraveling (versus a raw or cut edge). Types of selvage edges include looped, folded, welded, and fine mesh border pattern.
	Full Rolls		Wire cloth is supplied as full rolls.
	Sheets / Cut Shapes		Wire cloth is supplied in sheets or cut shapes.
	Welded Wire Mesh		Warp and shute wires lay flat (no crimp) and are welded at each intersection.
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