Stainless steel alloys are austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, precipitation hardened, and duplex metals that are available in a wide variety of grades, shapes, and sizes. Austenitic stainless steels have excellent corrosion resistance, unusually good formability, and increased strength due to cold working. They are non-magnetic or only slightly magnetic. Two hundred (200) series austenitic stainless steels contain chromium, nickel, and manganese. Three hundred (300) series austenitic stainless steels contain chromium and nickel. Ferritic stainless steels are straight-chromium, 400 series metals that cannot be hardened by heat treatment, and only moderately hardened by cold working. They are magnetic, have good ductility, and resist corrosion and oxidation. Martensitic stainless steels, another type of straight-chromium 400 series metals, are magnetic, fairly ductile, and resist corrosion in mild environments. Some products can be heated to tensile strengths that exceed 200,000 psi (1379 MPa). Precipitation hardened (PH) stainless steels are chromium-nickel metals, some of which contain alloying elements such as copper or aluminum. They can be hardened by solution treating and aged to high strength. Duplex stainless steel alloys have improved mechanical properties and consist of a combination of ferritic and austenitic phases. Many stainless steel alloys meet the compositional standards of the Unified Numbering System (UNS), a specification established by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), and metal trade associations such as the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). The UNS assigns metals and alloys a lettered prefix and a five-digit number. Stainless steel alloys belong to the UNS S category and have designations such as UNS S20100. AISI grades are another common specification for stainless steel alloys. Other standards include casting grades, European Norm (EN), American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standards, and U.S. military specifications (MIL-SPEC). QQ and QQS prefixes are used to designate specific MIL-SPEC metals. Grades with low carbon levels (L or S grades) provide improved weldability and corrosion resistance. Grades that contain superalloys, tool steels, clad or bimetal materials, or that feature a metal matrix composite are also available.
Stainless steel alloys are austenitic, ferritic, martensitic, precipitation hardened, and duplex metals that are available in a wide variety of grades, shapes, and sizes. Austenitic stainless steels have excellent corrosion resistance, unusually good formability, and increased strength due to cold working. They are non-magnetic or only slightly magnetic. Two hundred (200) series austenitic stainless steels contain chromium, nickel, and manganese. Three hundred (300) series austenitic stainless steels contain chromium and nickel. Ferritic stainless steels are straight-chromium, 400 series metals that cannot be hardened by heat treatment, and only moderately hardened by cold working. They are magnetic, have good ductility, and resist corrosion and oxidation. Martensitic stainless steels, another type of straight-chromium 400 series metals, are magnetic, fairly ductile, and resist corrosion in mild environments. Some products can be heated to tensile strengths that exceed 200,000 psi (1379 MPa). Precipitation hardened (PH) stainless steels are chromium-nickel metals, some of which contain alloying elements such as copper or aluminum. They can be hardened by solution treating and aged to high strength. Duplex stainless steel alloys have improved mechanical properties and consist of a combination of ferritic and austenitic phases. Many stainless steel alloys meet the compositional standards of the Unified Numbering System (UNS), a specification established by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), and metal trade associations such as the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). The UNS assigns metals and alloys a lettered prefix and a five-digit number. Stainless steel alloys belong to the UNS S category and have designations such as UNS S20100. AISI grades are another common specification for stainless steel alloys. Other standards include casting grades, European Norm (EN), American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standards, and U.S. military specifications (MIL-SPEC). QQ and QQS prefixes are used to designate specific MIL-SPEC metals. Grades with low carbon levels (L or S grades) provide improved weldability and corrosion resistance. Grades that contain superalloys, tool steels, clad or bimetal materials, or that feature a metal matrix composite are also available. Suppliers provide stainless steel alloys in many stock shapes and forms. Semi-finished stock shapes are suitable for part fabrication by machining, assembly, or other processes. They are also used as feedstock for casting, forging, and spinning. Common stock shapes and forms for stainless steel alloys include bars, rods, tubes, plates, profiles, sheets, strips, shims, spheres, foil, wire, billets, slabs, and blooms. Materials are also supplied as billets, ingots, powders, fillers, and reinforcements. Round, hexagonal, coil, and hollow stock are also available. There are two basic types of anodes. Plating anodes are in used in plating or electroplating processes. Sacrificial anodes are used to protect stainless steel or other metal structures from corrosion. Selecting stainless steel alloys requires an analysis of dimensions, production processes, and performance features. Outer diameter (OD), inner diameter (ID) overall length, and overall thickness are important dimensions. Most materials are cast, wrought, extruded, forged, cold-finished, hot-rolled, or formed by compacting powdered metals or alloys. Electric arc furnaces are used to produce very clean metals and alloys with fewer inclusions and lower variability. Performance features for stainless steel alloys include resistance to corrosion, heat, wear, and shock. Cold worked metals have good compressive strength and wear resistance under room temperature conditions. Free-machined metals contain lead, selenium, or sulfur additives.
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Products & Services Related to Stainless Steel Alloys
Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys
Aluminum and aluminum alloys are lightweight, non-ferrous metals with good corrosion resistance, ductility and strength.
Ferrous Metals and Iron Alloys
Ferrous metals and alloys are based on iron and include carbon steels, alloy steels, stainless steels, cast iron, cast steel, maraging steel, and specialty or proprietary iron-based alloys.
Metal Sheet
Metal sheet is metal or alloy stock supplied or available in the form of sheet or foil. Metal sheet has a thickness between 0.006" and 0.250", and is 24" (609.6 mm) or more in width.
Metal Strip
Metal strip is narrow, thin metal or alloy stock that is usually 0.187" (3/16 inch, 4.76 mm) or less in thickness and under 24 inches (609.6 mm) in width.
Metal Wire and Strand
Metal wire and strand has a round, flat, or shaped cross section. Products are usually less than 0.375" in diameter.
Nickel and Nickel Alloys
Nickel and nickel alloys are non-ferrous metals with high strength and toughness, excellent corrosion resistance, and superior elevated temperature properties.
Superalloys
Superalloys are nickel, cobalt or iron-based alloys with excellent elevated temperature strength, creep properties and oxidation resistance.
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Other Topics You Might Be Interested In
Ferritic stainless steels are straight-chromium 400-series metals that cannot be hardened by heat treatment, and only moderately hardened by cold marketing. They are magnetic, have good ductility, and...
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Martensitic stainless steels are straight-chromium 400-series metals that can be hardened by heat treatment. They are magnetic, resist corrosion in mild environments, and have fairly good ductility.
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Hot rolled metals tend to have more surface scale, and require pickling and oiling. Hot rolled alloy stock or shapes are produced via hot rolling, a process that mechanically deforms or works the...
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Engineering Web: Stainless Steel Alloys
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Part Numbers for Stainless Steel Alloys
| Part # |
Distributor |
Manufacturer |
Product Category |
Description |
| Alloy 254 |
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All Metals & Forge
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Stainless Steel Alloys
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For faster deliveries larger sizes can be provided by our open die facility |
| Alloy 2507 |
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All Metals & Forge
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Stainless Steel Alloys
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For faster deliveries larger sizes can be provided by our open die facility |
| ALLOY 20 |
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All Metals & Forge
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Stainless Steel Alloys
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For faster deliveries larger sizes can be provided by our open die facility |
| Alloy 2304 |
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All Metals & Forge
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Stainless Steel Alloys
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For faster deliveries larger sizes can be provided by our open die facility |
| Alloy 350 |
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All Metals & Forge
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Stainless Steel Alloys
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For faster deliveries larger sizes can be provided by our open die facility |
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