Petroleum and mineral oil are used in products such as fluids and greases. Petroleum is a naturally occurring liquid found in the earth’s surface. Petroleum is used as fuel, in non-fuel products, and as feedstock. Petroleum fuels include gasoline, jet fuel, fuel oil, and diesel oil. Non-fuel products from petroleum include greases, lubricating oils, and solvents. Petroleum-based feedstock is used by the petrochemical industry as naphtha and other refinery gases where the petroleum is used to produce fertilizers, plastics, drugs, textiles, and synthetic rubber. Mineral oil or liquid petroleum is created from the distillation of petroleum, as a by-product of gasoline. Mineral oil has relatively low value and is produced in very large quantities. Mineral oil is used in lubricants, coolants, lotions, ointments, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetic products. Refined mineral oil is used as transformer oil. Other petroleum and mineral oil products are also available.
Petroleum and mineral oil include a broad range of hydrocarbon-based substances of varying chemical compositions and a wide variety of physical properties. These properties include density, viscosity, kinematic viscosity, surface tension, and specific gravity. Specifications for petroleum and mineral oil products vary widely, depending on the specific product. The proper selection of a petroleum and mineral oil product must also take application requirements into account.
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Engineering Web: Petroleum and Mineral Oil Products
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