Inorganic Chemicals and Compounds

Inorganic chemicals are substances of mineral origin that do not contain carbon in their molecular structure. There are several basic types of products. Examples include naturally-occurring minerals, metals and their alloys, compounds that contain non-metallic elements, and metal complexes. Inorganic chemistry, the scientific discipline devoted to the study of inorganic chemicals, has developed inorganic chemical compounds such as inorganic fertilizer compounds, inorganic phosphates, and inorganic pigments. An inorganic fertilizer compound is designed for agricultural applications and typically contains a mixture of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium. In a biochemical setting, an inorganic phosphate is a free-phosphate ion in solution. An inorganic pigment is used to color plastics. Inorganic synthesis, the process of synthesizing inorganic chemical compounds, is used to produce many inorganic chemicals.

Most inorganic chemical reactions fall into four broad categories: combination reactions, decomposition reactions, single displacement reactions, and double displacement reactions. Specifications for inorganic chemicals include synonyms, molecular weight, formula/structure, functional group, Chemical Abstract Service (CAS) registry number, occurrence, uses and applications, physical properties, methods of preparation with chemical equations, chemical reactions, and health chemical analysis. An inorganic pigment is a natural or synthetic metallic oxide, sulfide, or other salt that is calcined during processing at 1200°F to 2100 °F (650 °C to 1150 °C). Inorganic phosphate is formed by reactions of adenosine diphosphate, adenosine triphosphate, and the release of phosphate ions. Sulfur dioxide and sulfites are inorganic chemicals used as preservatives.

Inorganic chemicals are widely used in many applications, including electroplating, dye and precision casting, alcohol distillation, and papermaking. Inorganic compounds are also used as feed additives, insecticides, wood preservatives, and antiseptics. Inorganic pigments have outstanding heat-stability, light-stability, weather resistance, and migration resistance. Inorganic chemical contaminants may be harmful if inhaled or ingested. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) maintains guidelines regarding inorganic chemicals used in food processing applications.

• Purification of Laboratory Chemicals, Fifth Edition
  Purification of Laboratory Chemicals, Fifth Edition Including detailed descriptions of commonly used techniques, this book provides details of the physical properties and purification procedures...
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