Fluxes are chemical compositions used in soldering, brazing and welding. They clean the metal’s surface, assist with heat transfer, and remove unwanted oxide films. According to J-STD-004, a popular flux classification system from the IPC and EIA, there are four broad categories of products: rosin (RO), resin (RE), organic (OR) and inorganic (IN) fluxes. Rosin fluxes contain abietic acid, a chemical extracted from pine-tree sap. They may also contain activators such as halides. There are two subcategories of RO fluxes: high-solids and low-solids. High-solids resin fluxes contain greater amounts of halide activators which, if left in place, will convert metal surfaces into metal salts. Low-solids RO fluxes contain lower levels of halide activators, but may still corrode solder wires. Resin fluxes are based on synthetic or modified organic resins. RE fluxes provide better thermal stability than RO fluxes and are often easier to clean. In addition, resin fluxes can be modified to flash-off from the heat of a solder tip.
Flux classification systems include ANSI/IPC-SF-818 and MIL-F-14256E. MIL QQS is an older standard which defined fluxes as rosin (R), rosin-activated (RA), rosin mildly activated (RMA), and water soluble (WS). Type R fluxes are the least active rosin-based products. They are designed for use with very clean surfaces. RA fluxes are the most active rosin fluxes; however, they leave the most residues. RMA fluxes contain a small amount of an additional activator, typically a halide. These fluxes leave small amounts of an inert residue that is usually non-corrosive and tack-free. Water soluble fluxes (WSF) can be used in electronics applications, but strip oxides aggressively. Incomplete WSF removal may result in problems such as electrical leakage currents and metal migration. Most water soluble fluxes can be divided into two subtypes: organic and inorganic. Organic or organic activated (OA) fluxes are more active than RA fluxes. Inorganic fluxes are the most active fluxes of all.
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Part Numbers for Fluxes
| Part # | Distributor | Manufacturer | Product Category | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KE1703-ND | Digi-Key | Kester Solder | Soldering, Desoldering, Rework Products | SOLDER FLUX WATER SOL SYR 30GM |
| 401-1489-ND | Digi-Key | C&K Components | Switches | SWITCH TACT SPST 300GF RA FLUX |
| 401-1494-ND | Digi-Key | C&K Components | Switches | SWITCH TACT SPST 300GF VERT FLUX |
| ADJ23124-ND | Digi-Key | Panasonic Electric Works | Relays | RELAY PWR LATCH FLUX 16A 24V PCB |
| 401-1811-ND | Digi-Key | C&K Components | Switches | SWITCH TACT SPST VERT FLUX SEAL |
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