Find Catalysts and Initiators Manufacturers
About Catalysts and Initiators
Catalysts and initiators start or promote chemical reactions that are used to produce organic chemicals, polymers and adhesives. A chemical catalyst is a substance that increases the rate at which a chemical reaction occurs; however, the catalyst itself does not undergo chemical change. An initiator is a chemical compound that helps start a chemical reaction such as polymerization. Unlike a catalyst, an initiator is usually consumed in the reaction. Substances such as organic peroxides are commonly used as initiators. According to some estimates, more than half of all petrochemical processes use catalysts and initiators. In heterogeneous catalysis, a chemical catalyst provides a surface on which reactants become adsorbed temporarily, and where chemical bonds in the reactants are weakened, allowing new bonds to be created. Because the bonds between the products and the catalyst are weaker, the products are released from the chemical catalyst. Continuous process catalysts (CPC) are used to process industrial chemicals such as solvents, plasticizers, monomers and intermediates. Catalytic solutions include a variety of specialized catalyst products.
There are two basic types of catalysis: homogeneous catalysis, in which both the catalyst and reactants are in the same phase (for example, liquid or gas), and heterogeneous catalysis, in which the catalyst and reactants are in different phases (for example, solid catalysts and gaseous reactants). Metal catalysts and initiators are made from precious metals such as gold, iridium, osmium, palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium and silver. They are used as heterogeneous catalysts for reactions such as hydrogenation and isomerization. Zeolites, minerals with a porous structure, can also be used as catalysts. Synthetic zeolites are the most important catalysts in petrochemical refineries. The proper selection of catalysts and initiators is an important consideration. For example, using rhodium or platinum as catalysts can produce different products depending on whether methane or ethane is used.
More >>Other Topics You Might Be Interested In
-
No stress nylon
Low-pressure reaction-injection molding is a way of making large nylon parts with low internal stress. The part depicted on the right is UHMW centerbowl. The part on the left is a RIM-processed...(read more)
-
Polyester
Polyester resins, in thermoset, glass fiber-reinforced formulations, have been used for a variety of industrial, marine, and consumer products for at least 40 years. These are the materials of...(read more)
Engineering Web: Catalysts and Initiators
Pages: 1 - 3 of 570
|
Synthesis of polylactic acid by direct polycondensation under... Synthesis of polylactic acid by direct polycondensation under vacuum without catalysts, solvents and initiators |
|
|
Novel benzoxazine monomer containing diacetylene linkage: An... containing diacetylene linkage: An approach to benzoxazine thermosets with low polymerization temperature without added initiators or catalysts |
|
|
ProductTrends. Trends on Product Markets.... Reaction initiators; reaction accelerators and catalytic preparations| Supported catalysts with precious metal or a precious-metal compound as the |
